Apple Aperture User Manual
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Glossary
aspect ratio The ratio of height to width of the photograph. Common North American
aspect ratios are 3.5 x 5, 4 x 6, 5 x 7, 11 x 14, and 16 x 20 inches.
auto focus The system within the camera that automatically focuses the lens on a
specific portion of the subject or scene.
automatic bracketing A setting on many professional cameras that automatically
brackets the exposure of the image. See also
background The area in the rear of the image that appears behind the subject. See
also
.
backlighting A light source that faces toward the lens of the camera, emanating from
behind the subject. Backlighting makes the outline of the subject stand out from the
background, often resulting in a silhouette. See also
,
,
.
Bayer pattern color filter array A specific arrangement of red, green, and blue lenses
attached to the surface of a digital image sensor. There are roughly twice as many
green lenses as blue and red to accommodate how the human eye perceives color. See
also
complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)
.
bit depth The number of tonal values or shades of a color each channel in a pixel is
capable of displaying. Increasing the bit depth of color channels in an image’s pixels
exponentially increases the number of colors each pixel can express. See also
,
.
black point compensation Black point compensation ensures that black and white
luminance values are appropriately scaled to fit within the range or gamut of the
destination device (printer, paper, and ink). Using black point compensation helps
prevent clipping in shadows because the blacks are scaled to fit within the gamut of
the printer, paper, and ink.
bounce lighting Natural and unnatural light sources (flash and tungsten) redirected
toward the subject using a reflective surface to give the effect of natural light as well as
fill-in shadows. See also
bracketing The process of taking three shots of the same image based on the aperture
and shutter values recommended by the light meter: one shot one stop under the
recommended exposure, one shot at the recommended exposure, and one shot one
stop over the recommended exposure. You can also narrow the bracketing range to
fractions of a stop. Bracketing is used in difficult lighting situations to ensure the scene
is captured with the correct exposure. See also
.
Browser The part of the Aperture interface that displays the contents of the Library,
projects, or albums. The Browser displays images either as thumbnails (grid view) or by
file information (list view). See also
.